Wireless closed-loop optogenetics across the entire dorsoventral spinal cord in mice
Abstract
Optoelectronic systems can exert precise control over targeted neurons and pathways throughout the brain in untethered animals, but similar technologies for the spinal cord are not well established. In the present study, we describe a system for ultrafast, wireless, closed-loop manipulation of targeted neurons and pathways across the entire dorsoventral spinal cord in untethered mice. We developed a soft stretchable carrier, integrating microscale light-emitting diodes (micro-LEDs), that conforms to the dura mater of the spinal cord. A coating of silicone–phosphor matrix over the micro-LEDs provides mechanical protection and light conversion for compatibility with a large library of opsins. A lightweight, head-mounted, wireless platform powers the micro-LEDs and performs low-latency, on-chip processing of sensed physiological signals to control photostimulation in a closed loop. We use the device to reveal the role of various neuronal subtypes, sensory pathways and supraspinal projections in the control of locomotion in healthy and spinal-cord injured mice. Show more
Publication status
publishedExternal links
Journal / series
Nature BiotechnologyVolume
Pages / Article No.
Publisher
NatureSubject
Optogenetics; Spinal cord; Closed-loop system; Integrated circuit; Wireless sensor & stimulation nodeOrganisational unit
03380 - Huang, Qiuting (emeritus) / Huang, Qiuting (emeritus)
Funding
183519 - Neuroprosthetic Platform for Personalized and Implantable Systems: Application to Reverse Paralysis and Restore Hearing (SNF)
785907 - Human Brain Project Specific Grant Agreement 2 (EC)
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