Constitutional Reform and its Impact on TVET Industry in Nepal: Fourth report in support of developing understanding and finding the way forward for federalizing the TVET sector in Nepal – Organized Industry

Abstract

The federalization process of Nepal's education system, since 2015, has introduced significant legislative changes, including those affecting the Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) sector. The 2023 TVET Sector Strategic Plan (TSSP) outlines a comprehensive three-phase approach to enhancing the TVET system. A key challenge remains achieving active and effective industry involvement in TVET initiatives. This report analyses the conditions needed for robust industry engagement in the TVET sector, examines the industry’s organizational structure, identifies potential roles, and explores success factors and barriers. The report uses a mixed-methods approach, including a survey and focus groups with employers, and maps relevant industry associations and institutions relevant to the TVET sector, categorizes stakeholders at national, provincial, and local levels, while assessing the legal framework for synergies with high-level decision-making bodies.