Arsenic removal with zero-valent iron filters in Burkina Faso: Field and laboratory insights
dc.contributor.author
Bretzler, Anja
dc.contributor.author
Nikiema, Julien
dc.contributor.author
Lalanne, Franck
dc.contributor.author
Hoffmann, Lisa
dc.contributor.author
Biswakarma, Jagannath
dc.contributor.author
Siebenaller, Luc
dc.contributor.author
Demange, David
dc.contributor.author
Schirmer, Mario
dc.contributor.author
Hug, Stephan J.
dc.date.accessioned
2020-06-22T07:47:34Z
dc.date.available
2020-06-04T14:02:59Z
dc.date.available
2020-06-19T15:43:17Z
dc.date.available
2020-06-19T15:44:33Z
dc.date.available
2020-06-22T07:47:34Z
dc.date.issued
2020-10-01
dc.identifier.issn
0048-9697
dc.identifier.issn
1879-1026
dc.identifier.other
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139466
en_US
dc.identifier.uri
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/418295
dc.identifier.doi
10.3929/ethz-b-000418295
dc.description.abstract
Groundwater contaminated with geogenic arsenic (As) is frequently used as drinking water in Burkina Faso, despite adverse health effects. This study focused on testing low-cost filter systems based on zero-valent iron (ZVI), which have not yet been explored in West Africa for As removal. The active ZVI bed was constructed using small-sized iron nails, embedded between sand layers. Household filters were tested for nine months in a remote village relying on tube well water with As concentrations of 400–1350 μg/L. Daily filtered volumes were 40–60 L, with flow rates of ~10 L/h. In parallel, downscaled laboratory filter columns were run to find the best set-up for optimal As removal, with special attention given to the influence of input pH, flow rate and water/nail contact time. Arsenic removal efficiencies in the field were 60–80% in the first six months of operation. The laboratory experiments revealed that trapped air in the nail layer greatly lowered As removal due to preferential flow and decreased water/nail contact time. Measures taken to avoid trapped air led to a partial improvement in the field filters, but effluent As remained >50 μg/L. Similar structural modifications were however very successful in the laboratory columns, where As removal efficiencies were consistently >95% and effluent concentrations frequently <10 μg/L, despite inflow As >1000 μg/L. A constantly saturated nail bed and careful flow control is necessary for optimal As removal. Slow flow and longer pauses between filtrations are important for sufficient contact times and for transformation of brown amorphous Fe-hydroxides to dense magnetite with incorporated As(V). This preliminary study has shown that nail-based filters have the potential to achieve As removal >90% in a field context if conditions (filter bed saturation, flow rate, pauses between filtrations) are well controlled.
en_US
dc.format
application/pdf
en_US
dc.language.iso
en
en_US
dc.publisher
Elsevier
en_US
dc.rights.uri
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject
Arsenic
en_US
dc.subject
Drinking water treatment
en_US
dc.subject
Zero-valent iron
en_US
dc.subject
Burkina Faso
en_US
dc.subject
Filtration
en_US
dc.subject
Groundwater
en_US
dc.title
Arsenic removal with zero-valent iron filters in Burkina Faso: Field and laboratory insights
en_US
dc.type
Journal Article
dc.rights.license
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
dc.date.published
2020-05-16
ethz.journal.title
Science of The Total Environment
ethz.journal.volume
737
en_US
ethz.journal.abbreviated
Sci. Total Environ.
ethz.pages.start
139466
en_US
ethz.size
13 p.
en_US
ethz.version.deposit
publishedVersion
en_US
ethz.identifier.wos
ethz.identifier.scopus
ethz.publication.place
Amsterdam
en_US
ethz.publication.status
published
en_US
ethz.leitzahl
ETH Zürich::00002 - ETH Zürich::00012 - Lehre und Forschung::00007 - Departemente::02350 - Dep. Umweltsystemwissenschaften / Dep. of Environmental Systems Science
en_US
ethz.date.deposited
2020-06-04T14:03:08Z
ethz.source
FORM
ethz.eth
yes
en_US
ethz.availability
Open access
en_US
ethz.rosetta.installDate
2020-06-19T15:43:30Z
ethz.rosetta.lastUpdated
2022-03-29T02:27:38Z
ethz.rosetta.versionExported
true
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